MODULE B:
INTRODUCTION: Close Study of a Text
- Emphasis on language as the means of expressing ideas
Essential procedures:
- Identify the text’s purpose and ideas
- Identify the formal/technical characteristics of the text
- Describe how the themes and ideas interact with the stylistic techniques
STEP ONE:
Identifying the text’s themes and ideas:
In poetry, the title is vital as an introduction to the theme and tone of the poem. Owen’s ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ is ironic in the use of ‘anthem’ and very critical tone in the use of the word ‘doomed’, which sounds as disturbing as its meaning.
- A close study of a text should look at words in detail, beginning with the title to describe how the use of language determines the readers response. In ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’, the title has prepared us for the text that follows and begun to determine our response to that text.
STEP TWO:
Look at the texts structure. Here form and content interact.
In poetry, various kinds of structures are used to develop ideas:
- Eg: Stanzas: one stanza can present one aspect or idea, then the following may focus on its opposite.
- It is vital to consider and describe the way in which the author uses structure to explain how this affects the communication of ideas and themes in the text
STEP THREE:
Describing the language techniques of a text – the devices used by the author:
- Figurative language techniques
- You must identify the technique and explain why it is being used
- How is it effective in communicating the ideas of the writer?
STEP FOUR:
Analyse the interaction of ideas with literary forms and language:
- Why has the author chosen particular words and forms to express themes of the text?
- In Owen’s poetry, different kinds of language and structural forms are used to convey his ideas about the suffering of soldiers in WWI. The vivid realism and harsh diction, for example, help us understand the reasons for his bitter criticism and engage us with the issues.
- The style expresses the meaning, as language interacts with ideas to make them more forceful.